As emergence of precision medicine brings along the great promise of health-care decisions tailored to the individual, the discovery of early risk factors becomes paramount. The growth of longitudinal biomedical data including nation-wide registers, genetics, health records and metabolomics creates a unique opportunity to develop novel methods for predicting of onset, trajectories and outcomes of complex diseases early and in a non-invasive manner.
Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is caused by relative insulin deficiency arising when pancreatic β-cell insulin secretion fails to compensate for insulin resistance. Elevated blood free fatty acids and after T2DM onset glucose are mediators of β-cell failure in T2DM.
Diabetic macular edema (DME) in diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of visual impairment among the 300,000 Danish patients with diabetes (DM) and will in time affect 29% of patients. Because of DME, 550 intravitreal injections were given at Odense University Hospital in 2014 with medicine expenses approximating 3.3 million DKK.
Growth patterns in early life are important predictors of later risk of Type 2 Diabetes (T2D), cardiovascular disease (CVD) and obesity, particular in low and middle-income countries facing a rapid epidemiological and nutritional transition through adaptations to Western lifestyles.
Inactivity and ageing are associated with loss of skeletal muscle mass and metabolic health, and exercise is effective to counteract these phenotypic changes.Mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) is a key regulator of muscle size, autophagy, and metabolism but the molecular regulation of mTORC1 remains incompletely understood, particularly in the context of muscle and exercise.
The overall objective of this PhD project is to define the molecular networks responsible for the putative changes in insulin sensitivity in human skeletal muscle in response to treatment with nicotinamide riboside (NR), a member of the vitamin B3 family with potent effects on metabolism in cell culture systems and rodents.
Background: Although type 2 diabetes guidelines for several years have recommended poly pharmacological therapy of well-established risk factors, the mortality rate in type 2 diabetes patients is increased by almost a factor 2. A potential mechanism could be linked with activation of the mineralocorticoid receptor, which has been linked with increased risk of cardiovascular disease.
Pages
